Microsoft Office Essay

Each employee could have a standard hourly rate between $10.00 and $30.00 per hour. †¢ Each employee qualifies to earn overtime at a rate of 1.5 of his or her hourly rate for every hour greater than 40 hours. †¢ Each employee will have a standard 7.65% deduction for social security †¢ Each employee will have a standard 14.00% deduction for Federal Taxes †¢ Each employee will have a standard 5.33% deduction for State Taxes Explain how you will structure and format your worksheet, including titles, column headings, and formulas to calculate payroll variables for each employee to determine â€Å"Net Pay† including and not limited to Total Hours, Gross Pay, Social Security Tax, Federal Withholding Tax, and Sate Withholding Tax. In addition, determine how you would extract overtime hours from a calculated value of â€Å"Total Hours† using a conditional formula. In addition, your supervisor will need this weekly payroll report on a weekly basis and instructed you to keep the payroll history of all weeks within â€Å"1† workbook but has allowed you to decide if you would rather keep the payroll running on one worksheet or by assigning a new worksheet for each week. Using your knowledge learned in this class, descriptively explain whether you would keep all weekly payrolls in one worksheet or assigned to new worksheets by week. Defend your reasoning’s on the approach your take based on what you have learned in this course. (Points : 40) The creation of the Weekly Payroll Workbook Since this is a weekly payroll for construction workers, the computation for Excel will be on a weekly basis. Here are the insights as to how to create the Payroll workbook. Using a separate worksheet, like Sheet1, you need to indicate the Week Number in the sheet. This represents which week in the calendar the payroll is computer. Normally we have 52 weeks in one year so Week Number can be Week 1, Week 2, †¦ Week 52. In this same sheet, enter the names of the 15 employees in the first Column, starting from cell A4 to provide enough cells for heading. You can add and delete rows after this. In cell A1, enter your company name. In cell A2, enter Week No.: 1 for the first week. In cell A3, enter â€Å"Employees† or Employee Names† which will serve as the heading of the table. In cell A4 through A18, enter the names of the employees. For the cell B3 to F3, enter the 5 working days of the week. For G3, enter â€Å"Total Hours Worked†. Now Merge & Center the range B2:F2 and then enter the heading title â€Å"Daily Hours Worked† Now all headings are done and we proceed to entering the formula to compute the total hours each employee had worked. For cell G4, enter the formula =SUM(B4:F4). Then drag to copy this formula up to G18 for the last employee. For I3 enter the heading â€Å"Hourly Rate†. For J3 enter Overtime Rate. Enter the formula for overtime as =I4*1.5 since it will be 1.5 of the regular hourly rate. Column K will be the Hourly Pay and the formula shall be =IF(G4>40,40*I4,G4*I4). This means that if the total hours is greater than 40, it will compute only for 40 hours since the remainder will be an overtime. If it is less than 40, it will compute the actual number of hours multiplied by the rate. Column L is for Overtime Pay and the formula is =IF(G4>40,(G4-40)*J4,0). This means that the computation is done this way: If total is greater than 40, then you subtract the total with 40 and the remainder will be the overtime hours. This will be multiplied by the overtime rate. If it is less than or equal to 40, overtime is set to 0. Column M is for Gross pay and it is the total of Hourly Pay and the Overtime Pay. For the deductions, use columns N, O and P for Social Security, Federal Taxes and State Taxes respectively. The formulas will be: Social Security => =M4*7.65% (Gross Pay times 7.65%) Federal Taxes => =M4*14% (Gross Pay times 14%) State Taxes => =M4*5.33% (Gross Pay times 5.33%) For the total deductions use column Q and the formula shall be =SUM(N4:P4) as the sum of all deductions columns. The NET Pay is Gross Pay – Total Deductions and it can be in column R. Also, it is better to use ONE sheet per weekly payroll so that it will be organized better. You can also easily export sheets to other workbooks in the future if the Excel file gets too bloated after long period of use and the accumulated data in it. 2. (TCO 3) You currently work for an automotive parts supply store. Your company is growing and is considering expansion. The company currently has three locations (North, South, and Central) in one state. Each parts supply store carries inventory in four categories. You have been presented with the sales figures for the last three years for each location and inventory category by store. Based on this information, you’re tasked with analyzing current sales for each store by category and overall total sales by store  and category. Note: This is a four part question. 1.) Explain your approach to setting up your worksheets and organizing the data. 2.) Explain how you will visually represent the data for the total sales of the individual inventory categories for each location for the time periods shown. 3.) Explain how you will visually represent the consolidated data for the sales of all stores and all inventory categories for all time periods in one chart or graph. 4.) Once you have finished the above tasks, you plan to send the Excel workbook to your manager for evaluation. Your manger is presenting your findings to the Board of Directors for justification for additional capital expenditures. The visually representations need to be concise and clear by able to support the requested expenditures. Explain how you would use the integration features of MS Office to incorporate the Excel information into other presentation media. (Points : 40) For the automotive part: 1) Explain how you will visually represent the data for the total sales of the individual inventory categories for each location for the time periods shown. The data can be represented by an Excel chart. Just use the total sales against the corresponding categories compared with the data on store locations. 2) Once you ahve finished the above tasks, you plan to send the Excel workbook to your manager for evaluation. Your manager is presenting your findings to the Board of Directors for justification for additional capital expenditures. The visually representations need to be concise and clear by able to support the requested expenditures. Explain how you would use the integration features of MS Office to incorporate the Excel information into other presentation media. This is easily done by integrating the actual Excel table or range in the PowerPoint presentation. Even better yet, you can â€Å"embed† an Excel chart with live data in the presentation itself. This is a good approach so that the data in the presentation will change when the data in the actual embedded Excel file changes. Look the EXCEL FILE 3. (TCO 4) You are given a spreadsheet with daily sales numbers ordered by date from January 1st to December 31st. You have been tasked with finding the average sales of each month, then to reorder the months so they are listed in order from highest to lowest average sales. Give a step-by-step explanation of how you will rearrange the data so you can analyze the best and worst months. Note: This is a one part question. (Points : 40) For this question, suppose the sales and dates are listed by rows so that January 1st to December 31st are the row labels. A pivot table will help in this task. I will create a pivot table of the data; put the Order dates in row labels and the Average of Sales in Values. Then, I will right click on the dates, select group, and then select groupings by month. This should create a table of Monthly Average sales. Next, I will click the dropdown box under row labels, click More Sort Options, and choose Descending Order by Average of Sales. From here on, I can analyze the best and worst months and make preparations in the following year. 4. (TCO 5) You’ve just joined the staff of the XYZ Manufacturing Company (XYZ, for short). XYZ manufactures only one product, the gizmo. It comes in two sizes, the mini-gizmo and the magna-gizmo. Both are difficult to manufacture, and consequently, the company closely monitors rejected units. The company has three locations, each of which produces both the mini and the magna-gizmos. You are automating the weekly production reports so that you can easily calculate total production for the entire company each week. The mini-gizmo is priced at $3.25 per unit. The magna-gizmo is priced at $7.00 per unit. The unit cost for a reject mini-gizmo is $1.75. The cost for a reject magna-gizmo is $3.50. Respond fully to the following questions regarding this task: Note: This is a two part question. 1.) The managers will e-mail their weekly reports to you on Monday of the following week. You will then produce the summary report. Explain the process for doing this. Give a sample formula to total the number of mini-gizmos produced by the entire company in a week. 2.) Each week, you will present the combined report to your boss, who wants to see both the summary and the individual sheets for each location. You want to add a header with the date and your name to each page. What is the easiest way to do this? Explain the process. (Points : 40) First, I will consolidate the worksheets into one workbook by doing Home-Cells-Format-Move or Copy sheet. Now, for this data, I will expect the columns to be separated, with labels proper mini-gizmo, proper magna-gizmo, rejected mini-gizmo, rejected magna-gizmo, and row labels of days in the week. After that, I will sum all of the column data below, so I will arrive at the sum of all proper and reject gizmos. Suppose the proper mini-gizmos are in column B and rejected mini-gizmos are in column D, then a sample formula to total all the mini-gizmos produced in a week would be Sum(B2:B8,D2:D8). This is already located in the Summary worksheet, after consolidating the data from four locations. This is assuming that the data is given per week, divided into 7 days. I will do the same for the magna-gismos. Afterwards, just below the Sums, I will put another row labeled Revenue. Then I will multiply the Sums by the respective prices, 3.25 for the proper mini-gizmo, 7.00 for the proper magna-gizmo, 1.75 for  the rejected mini-gizmo, and 3.50 for the rejected magna-gizmo. 5. (TCO 9) You have been tasked with analyzing an extremely large amount of data and to ultimately produce a report to share with the board of directors. The data is currently in a text file and has over two thousand records of data. Explain how you would use Excel to analyze this data and organize it to prepare a written report. Be very specific on the variety of tools you would use and the steps you would go through to analyze the data and to ultimately prepare a detailed report with recommendations. Since the data is in text file, I have to open Excel first. Then, I will go to File-Open, and then choose All Files. I can now open the text file in Excel. Upon opening, a Text Import Wizard will appear. I can choose Delimited or Fixed width, depending on the data. Click next, then I can choose my own delimiters if it is Delimited. I can also click anywhere on the preview box to separate the data to my liking. After that, I can designate their Text Formats. After clicking finish, I have a whole data of text file in Excel. Since it came from a text file, there may be formatting issues. For example, I will click all the numbers in the data, then Find and Replace spaces with nothing so that the numbers are not in General Format but in Number Format. I will also spellcheck the whole worksheet for grammar and spelling errors. After all this is done, I can now start with the analysis. There are lots of things I can do from summing the data to averaging them to creating pivot tables and even pivot charts. In charts, I can choose to add trend lines and data tables for the charts to be more detailed. After all the analysis is done, I will prepare a written report in MS Office by copy pasting the charts (the visual representations of the analysis) and explaining and interpreting them afterwards. Then, I can provide conclusions and recommendations to complete the analysis.

Macy’s Inc Case Essay

Analyze the publicly-traded firm Macy’s Inc.; you are to complete a financial analysis. Complete the following steps for this portion of the project: 1. Obtain financial information for your firm for at least a 5 (2008-2012) year time period. This information should include: income statements, balance sheets, cash-flow statements. 2. Provide a brief history of the firm: You will need to do background reading about the firm in order to gain insight into its performance and behavior. Focus this section on the â€Å"who, when, where and what† questions about your firm’s history. 3. Complete financial measures of the firm for a multi-year time period (e.g. 5 years). This should include all measures concerning the income statement, balance sheet, and cash-flow statements. 4. Analysis of the financial performance of the firm. Once all financial measures have been determined, an analysis of this information is crucial to understanding how well the firm is performing and its current state of operations. There will be two components to this analysis: a. End-Point Analysis: Using the end-point methodology described in the document in the Reference Module of the Content Section of the course, compare the firm’s current financial performance to its financial performance in the beginning time frame. Describe, discuss, and analyze the changes you observe. b. Industry Comparison: Obtain current industry data on the various financial measures you have determined for the firm. Compare the performance of the firm to the industry and describe/discuss your results. 5. Summarize your findings. Based on the financial analysis you have just completed, summarize your findings and draw conclusions about the changes in the financial performance/structure of the firm over time and about the current strengths of its operations.

Gender Representation †Boardwalk Empire Essay

As a hybrid genre, the representations in Boardwalk Empire are complex, contradictory, unconventional, conventional and stereotypical, whilst challenge stereotypes. Set in the 1920’s during prohibition, Nucky is a corrupt Republican politician and gangster, who has risen to his position through bribery, corruption, and murder. The series begins as prohibition begins, with Nucky toasting the government who ban alcohol; â€Å"†¦to those beautiful ignorant bastards in Washington†. As a gangster, Nucky knows he can make millions by supplying illegal alcohol to the public and is portrayed as a businessman, making money for all the ‘respectable’ local dignitaries that sit around his table; the chief of police (his brother Ely), the mayor, the head of the port authority, local Politicians, etc. He sees an opportunity through the prohibition to increase his fortune. There is a lot of juxtapositioning in the first episode to show us the various sides of Nucky, as a violent alcohol heist is followed by Nucky addressing a Ladies’ Temperance Society. Nucky weaves a myth of his own childhood of poverty, catching rats for his family to eat, to the gasps of the audience. Embodying the American Dream, Nucky has ‘risen’ from very humble beginnings to be top man in the state, he is merely seeking the ‘women’s vote’ for his Political re-election and often shows their ignorance of world politics proves them an easy mark for manipulation to gain full power over the Atlantic City. Nucky is a complex protagonist and anti-hero who is both despicable and admirable. He is obviously very clever, charming, funny, calculating, ruthless, and a skilful businessman and gangster. He juggles a legal political life with his illegal prohibition life, dealing with a constant flurry of unexpected problems as they arise. He manipulates people in ways that should make audiences hate him but Steve Buscemi (and the writers) manages to portray him as a complex character that seeks more than just money. The low camera angles throughout help suggesting Nucky is a very powerful figure in the drama. The power wield of woman in Boardwalk Empire is largely associated with sex, and furthermore this power of woman is represented through the male characters using it against eachother. For example Gillian Darmody, mother of gangster: Jimmy Darmody and a topless dancer in the city, plays a pivotal role when she sleeps with a rival gangster: Luciano in order to detain him until he can be collected and dealt with. Her sexual power is turned to the gangsters own advantage. Lucy Daziger is another key representation of sexual power and woman in Boardwalk Empire. She is the beautiful mol and mistress of Nucky who is often a negative representation of woman – dismissed constantly in favour of Nucky’s political and illegal life. She is objectified by him and others and is kept at his beck and call. During an evening at dinner with others, Lucy insists she has a brain but is quietened by Nucky, and we see Lucy has no place for opinion at the dinner with the Commodore in terms of politics. When Nucky rejects Lucy, he favours Margaret, because she is intelligent and sees her more as an equal for example at the same dinner Margaret expresses deep knowledge and understanding of politics. Lucy is extremely jealous of Margaret as Nucky clearly shows more affection for her, which is unconventional as Lucy is the beautiful mistress, often seeming powerful, Margaret is the opposite.. Margaret is the other key representation in the drama as she challenges the notion of ‘the little woman’ throughout the series. An Irish immigrant, clever, brave, and moral (but racked by guilt), her motives are often those of a protective Mother. Initially established as naive and unsophisticated, particularly by her dowdy dress codes i. colour codes are very dull: browns, greens, her deferential body-language, and her thick Irish accent, she is represented as a weak, ordinary and poor woman. For example her dress codes of poor clothing often lacking in quality, and colour. Margaret grows in confidence throughout the seasons, as her and Nucky begin a relationship. An Irish immigrant she is wise beyond her years, Margaret quickly becomes versed in the dealings of her â€Å"husba nd† and becomes a supportive and protective ‘wife’ for his chaotic life. In her previous marriage Margaret was represented in a weak and negative way enduring endless beatings from her husband Hans. An incident of abuse had caused Margaret to miscarry her 4th child, and so Nucky ordered to have Hans murdered. Margaret knows of this but chooses to remain silent for the benefit of herself and her kids, later racked with Catholic guilt over the murder, their life, and their source of income. Nucky proceeds to live with her and her children, becoming a sensitive father figure to the kids, and a loving ‘husband’ to her.

Summary of pepsi conduct(only page#4) Assignment

Summary of pepsi conduct(only page#4) - Assignment Example These are to be safeguarded and maintained in a secure status ensuring prevention of unauthorized access to the system through sharing one’s passwords and through reproduction of licensed soft wares owned by the company. Should any stakeholder suspect any violations of the Code, or if any situation warrants closer evaluation due to possible violations of any state or federal law, is encouraged to report the matter immediately to the Human Resources Department or to a PepsiCo Speak up Line stipulated therein. Anyone reporting an incident suspected to be a violation of the Code is promised confidentiality of matter. Likewise, anyone proven to have retaliated against the person who exercised one’s rights under the Code would be subject to appropriate remedial action. Those found to have violated the provisions of the Code and any applicable law would be subject to legal proceedings. Finally, the employees are expected to conform to the conditions of the Code and managers are enjoined to serve as role models, manifesting compliance to ethical standards and exemplifying morals of good conduct. Should there remain some issues that need to be resolved, everyone is encouraged to seek the advice of one’s Human Resources manager or the PepsiCo Law Department to address one’s

Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 16

Research Paper Example .it was established that international students are not receiving adequate support from the institution with regard to several issues such as physical and electronic barriers to accessing support services. This report explores the level of satisfaction and experiences of international students at QUTIC, with regards to insurance and banking support services offered at the campus. It is important that the management of QUT International College have this information so that they can better support international students concerning their financial issues. The data is obtained through 20 questionnaires, including 11 closed and one open question. The major findings are that students require more support from the institution as far as financial issues are concerned. Recommendations have also been suggested on how to overcome the barriers, including initiating financial assistance talks and making support services more accessible for international students. Students were asked to choose between four banking and insurance services that they would prefer to have as a mobile application if QUT were to develop one. As evident from the chart above, 8 out of 20 respondents would prefer to have a mobile application that enabled them to make claims on Overseas Student Health Cover (OSHC).â€Æ' 4 It can be concluded that making claims on the health cover is a difficult experience hence international students would appreciate having it on their mobile phones to make such transactions easier. Making the claims is a common practice since it is mandatory to have OSHC (Department of Immigration and Border Protection 2014, para 1). Students would prefer the convenience of making the transaction through their mobile phones as compared to the already established procedures. 4 Figure 2: Extent to which international students would want establishment of a finance assistance talk†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.5 QUT

Strategies and International Business in IKEA Comapany Essay

Strategies and International Business in IKEA Comapany - Essay Example To begin with, the company lowered the prices of its goods and services in the home country and in the global market (Coe, 2009). This factor made it attract more customers from the competitors. Consumers are sensitive to prices and any slight difference would make them shift and enjoy the relatively lower prices. Because of the higher priced competitors’ products, IKEA managed to record increase in their customer base. Secondly, IKEA engaged in continuous designing of their products to improve their quality and preference. They also engaged in continuous introduction of new innovative products. Moreover, the company used the trademark to protect its goods from being counterfeited by the competitors. Trademark would also make IKEA products be distinct from those of the competitor's top help avoid confusion and to help in developing a brand (IKEA, 2010). In addition, IKEA opened their retail stores in the countries in which it operated to increase the availability of its products and to ensure customers get the direct attention from their agents (IKEA, n.d.). The opening of stores abroad would also ensure that the different customers’ demands are integrated into the production of the company’s goods. IKEA strength is gained from the variety of products it offers and the low prices it offers for their products. Through this, it reduced the costs through lowering storage space and reduced labor cost. The opening of the retails in Germany, Switzerland and US further made IKEA enjoy the wide market coverage and smooth its sales in case the product performance is not good in some of the geographical coverage. However, IKEA suffers from the problem of controlling quality in the global market without hiking the prices of their products (Coe, 2009). To sell their products at low prices mean that IKEA has to sacrifice the profit margin. The environmental regulation further poses a threat to the company since the materials used in manufacturing their furniture requires destruction of trees hence a potential threat. Several reasons prompted IKEA chose Switzerland as the first country to internationalize.  

Database Systems Concepts Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

Database Systems Concepts - Essay Example In addition, RAM is usually much smaller in size, about two to three orders of magnitude being frequent. (A rig that I know of has 8 Gigs of RAM and 2 terabytes of hard drive space, and the owner has room to expand to over 5 terabytes, which is roughly a three order of magnitude difference). Scheduling is almost entirely unnecessary. There is a need to compare the RAM disk and the main memory disk-cache, but this doesn't affect the choice of a scheduling algorithm for the hard drive because they are totally different systems and because scheduling on the RAM disk is only looking for buffer cache misses not main memory requests. Hard-disk scheduling considerations are totally different. Hard disks are much larger and they are not read constantly, and the head positioning must jump in order to handle different reads. The file system does store recently used blocks in a buffer cache in main memory, but this is only a partial time-saving maneuver. Caches have finite sizes and need to be purged constantly; in any respect, no one sticks to only a few things in cache. They are constantly opening up new pages, documents and programs, which requires accessing different parts of the disk. This means that scheduling for hard-disk use is at a premium: Indeed, one of the main slowing forces in Moore's Law exponentiation is the relatively anemic growth of hard-drive scanning speeds versus the memory size of hard drives. Different hard disk scheduling regimes have different benefits. When designing a scheduling algorithm, it is important to bear in mind parameters of functionality. These include power consumption, throughput, response time, flexibility for the end-user, and other factors. Again, the cache can only do so much in mitigating these problems, so the choice of how to approach hard disk scheduling has many inherent tradeoffs. One approach is FCFS, or First Come First Served. In this algorithm, operations are conducted in the order requested. This is very simple and elegant in many ways. However, the problem is that not all functions are made equal: Some functions, like Ctrl-Alt-Delete on a Windows computer or dealing with security threats, need to be scanned first. FCFS therefore doesn't have the costs of reordering the work queue, but it doesn't have the benefits either. FCFS cannot have starvation: Every request is serviced. But the performance is poor: It doesn't distinguish between the importance of needs, nor does it have any smart geography. If a end user wants to run six programs from every different side of the disk, FCFS will go in order, crossing immense redundant space and thus leading to slowdown. SSTF, on the other hand, prioritizes geography of the desk. It goes to the closest location on the disk first, no matter what. Again, this has the problem that there is no discrimination for important tasks. Scan time is reduced, but starvation is possible: The head could stay in one sector of the disk for too long if too many requests co me in. Direction switches also slow things down. SCAN goes from the outside to inside then the inside to outside. This has the advantage of being a uniform pattern and reducing variance, but it does lead to a lot of unnecessary scans (though not more scan time) which can be a power consumption issue. LOOK is a bit smarter: It stops going a direction where no requests exist. C-SCAN and C-LOOK use cylinders instead of a simple directional approach. This has the adv

Economic Order Quantity Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Economic Order Quantity - Assignment Example The result of such specificity is that there is a smooth re-stocking process that enhances customer service as stock-outs are minimized. The EOQ model involves the use of mathematical calculations which may at times be complicated for small business owners that may lack in math skills. It also requires data that has sufficient detail. The basis of the model is the assumption that the pattern of demand would be constant throughout the year and inventory usage is at a fixed rate. It fails to account for fluctuations. The assumption that costs remain constant is also faulty as the costs vary depending on the economic situation. It also limits how a business can take advantage of discounts that suppliers offer on quantity purchases. That is because it offers the ordering of similar amounts every time. Finkler, S. A., Purtell, R.M., Calabrese, T.D., & Smith, D.L. (2013). Financial management for public, health, and not-for-profit organizations (4th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice

Principlies of finance Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Principlies of finance - Assignment Example The paper outlines all the strong sides of such companies as Xtrata plc., Rio Tinto plc., HSBC pl., Tesco plc. and BT plc. HSBC has services from banking to financial products. Personal financial services under the HSBC group offer current account, personal account, loan, cards and payment services. Wealth management services take care of insurance, investment and financial products. It has existence in 87 countries for global banking, capital market and commercial banking facilities; it is headquartered in London, United Kingdom. Global financial crisis has affected a lot for global banking companies. This sector is not affected for in the emerging countries but considerably impacted on developed countries. HSBC has major revenue earning from developed countries hence most of the groups underlined have reflected bad performance in 2010. The major sector indicators are in still in bad condition. Rio Tinto plc is highly diversified company with operations in finding, mining and processing mineral resources. Rio Tinto produces aluminum, copper, gold, silver, diamond and other industrial minerals. Rio Tinto is engaged in all the continents; the head quarter is in London, United Kingdom. Rio Tinto’s business includes the mines, mills, refineries, refineries and research facilities. Company has 5 major product groups like aluminum, copper, diamonds, minerals, energy, iron ore, exploration and technology & innovation; and number of subsidiaries for availing facilities of economies of scale and cost structure. But iron ore is the main contributor to its earning with 73% dominance and copper has 18% contribution in the earning. Global financial crisis has affected Rio Tinto and created a challenge; but company is able to stabilize the situations with the proper strategic steps. This year company is able to manage a whopping increase in net earning from $4.9 billion to $14.3 b illion. Basic materials sector is also witnessing demand for above average GDP growth of China, India and other emerging nations. Global economic situation is also helpful for the increasing demand in ores. Investors and fund mangers also investing in diamonds and minerals, which is another positive force for short to medium term to the Rio Tinto’s growth. Through the SWOT analysis of the Rio Tinto, I found that the company has cash risk, market volatility threat and technological challenges in near future but the competitive advantages and growth in medium term is good opportunity for the inventors. Apart from this fundamental analysis, I found that the Rio Tinto’s return is combatively better and impressive than other competitors in the same sector for medium term and at this moment the share value is in uptrend but has major resistance in 4800. Hence selling the stock at this moment before

The Effect of Media on Audience Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

The Effect of Media on Audience - Essay Example I will use the subject to the subject model in comparing how the two articles answer to the effect of video gaming to the individuals playing them and to the whole society at large. In the first article, most research studies show that playing anti-social video games for instance; violent ones lead to violent behaviors and aggression by the individuals who play such games. This is because in playing these video games, one is actively involved in it and hence will tend to behave in the manner in which he plays. Another reason is that individuals who play violent video games normally identify with the violent character and so they will also behave aggressively. The violent games also reward violent behaviors as those who are violent in playing are rewarded by points, are allowed to move to the next stage or through spoken praise for instance ‘Great shot!’ after murdering the opponent. This reward ensures there are increases in the frequency of violence. This is proven thro ugh a study in which boys were seen to be more aggressive after playing an intense video game. For instance, â€Å"In a study published in the Journal of Experimental Social Psychology this year, participants played either a violent or non-violent video game for 20 minutes per day over 3 days. After playing the game, they then played a competitive task in which, if they won, they could blast their opponent with an unpleasant noise. The researchers found that participants who played violent games blasted their opponents in the secondary task for longer, which was interpreted as an increase in aggressive behavior† (Silvia 54). According to Clay Routledge, a psychologist, if violent games can cause aggression and violent behavior then it goes without saying that prosocial video games such as tit for tat games can lead to prosocial behavior. Prosocial means behavior that will have positive effects on the society.

Global warming and automobile industry Term Paper

Global warming and automobile industry - Term Paper Example It was determined that motor vehicles contributed a very small amount of carbon dioxide emitted into the atmosphere. Hence it was correct to conclude that global warming caused by motor vehicles is a myth. In recent times and modern day world, there has been a lot of concerns on the environment. It is true that the environment is critical for mankind to survive because environment provides most of the resources needed for daily activities. A region’s environment is, to a large extent, determined by the climatic conditions. Climatic conditions are purely determined by nature. There has been claims that mankind is contributing to changes in climatic conditions. Human activities are said to upset nature’s critical balance as far as carbon dioxide emissions are concerned. A lot of blame for global warming has been directed on the transportation sector of the economy. Is it really true that global warming exists because of motor vehicle emissions? The reason for this research is the belief that the automobile industry is the global suspect for global warming. According to Automotive News, this is not true. Research done by climate scientists indicates that global warming was even experienced centuries ago (Brown, 2007) . Evidence has been produced to show that the global temperatures were increasing even before the era of motor vehicle travel. This allegation has created discomfort among players in the automobile industry with some viewing it as a way to control the motor vehicle industry. In an interview with Automotive News, Bob Lutz, the vice chairman of General Motors argues that motor vehicle emissions account for a very tiny percentage of the total green-house gases emissions (Brown, 2007). According to the article automobile manufacturers read a sinister motive from the government. The manufacturers feel that the government wants to blame their industry for global warming so that they can introduce regulations on the s ame and in effect

How Does the Individual Influence World Events Essay Example for Free

How Does the Individual Influence World Events Essay â€Å"How does the individual influence world events?† Muhammad is the prophet of the Islam. Islam means submission to the will of Allah. Allah is the one and only Islamic God. He taught the Middle Eastern people that Allah was the only God and that all other gods must be abandoned. Muhammad was and still is a highly respected individual that created the largest religion the world has ever seen. The Muslim religion has over a billion and a half followers, which is 25 % of the world’s population. Muhammad claimed that he saw an angel while meditating at a cave. The angel told Muhammad that he was the messenger for God. From that day and on, Muhammad began to spread the word of Allah. He began to preach at Mecca in 610 but reached minimum success. In 622, a criticized Muhammad left Mecca for Yathrib. To all Muslims, this migration is known as the Hijrah. In Yathrib, Muhammad drew many followers and influenced many people. Yathrib was later named Medina meaning â€Å"the city of the prophet†. During this time, Muhammad became a military leader. In the year 630, Muhammad and 10,000 of his followers marched into Mecca and caused Mecca’s leaders to surrender. The prophet entered Mecca in triumph. Many Meccans pledged their loyalty to Muhammad and converted to Islam. â€Å"How does the individual influence world events?† Barack Obama is the president of the United States of America. Everything he does sets the mood for the entire world, so much that he is under tremendous pressure. This pressure includes living up to the change he promised the world, pleasing his people and fixing the U.S’s un-stable economy. No other political figure in today’s world may be as significant as President Obama. His decisions and actions affect both people in America and people across the world. For example Obama has sent 50 thousand troops to Afghanistan. This negatively affected his image due to the fact that he promised for change when this action shows no change between him and former president Bush. This also affected the Muslim view on Barack Obama because they thought that he would focus on peace more than war. Due to his race, the world has broken many racial barriers and racism is not as much a factor as was before. Barack Obama can be labeled as one of the most influential political leaders of all time, even though he has been in office for so little time. This is because of the racial barriers he has broken and the ideas and decisions he both promised and has fulfilled. â€Å"How does the individual influence world events?† The individual can influence today’s world in many ways. We can become more involved in the care of the environment by making small decisions that will not drastically change our lifestyles but can change the world. These changes include minimizing the time of showers, shutting off all lights when you are not using them, using renewable energy sources, switching to compact florescent light bulbs etc. The individual should educate themselves along with others on how becoming green is the way to go. China for example is making big changes when it comes to helping the environment. China has 50 % of all solar energy panels and is the number 1 producer of wind turbines.

Main aim of education to promote individual differences education essay

Main aim of education to promote individual differences education essay This essay endeavours to analyse the statement that the main aim of education is to encourage individual differences. It puts forth the ethical claim that our education systems should not standardise students but help them develop as individuals in their own right. In order to present a balanced view to the reader, this literary piece draws upon the works of philosophers and educators from as far back as 360 BC. It is concluded that given the challenges faced by man in the 21st century, it only makes sense that education should support individuality. Introduction In the discourse of this paper, I aspire to investigate the aim of education as a facilitator for encouraging individual difference. The paper has been divided into four parts. I first discuss the significance of the nature of the student-teacher relationship and then explore the theoretical and practical realms of the two main educational systems of the 21st century. In the third segment of the essay, I compare the two educational structures on the basis of their support for promoting individuality. The paper is drawn to a close with a conclusion that authenticates the claims of this essay. Importance of the Student-Teacher Relationship In the opening chapter of their book, The Study of Education (2009), Bates and Lewis present an autobiographical account on education written by Wendy, an early years educator. While exploring the early years of her childhood, Wendy puts forth her feeling of disconnect with education due to the ineffective teaching practices that built up a foundation of fear around the very term. She describes her head teacher as being a strict authoritarian whose teaching philosophy was modelled on Lockes empirical pedagogical approach that described the childs mind as a blank sheet of paper that needed instruction from an exterior source in order to form ideas and opinions ( Locke, 1924). Wendy says, I loathed her for her remoteness and retreated into myself whenever she taught a lesson in our class (Bates and Lewis, 2009, p. 10). This diminished Wendys confidence and interest in learning and made her question her intelligence quotient. However, when she shifted to a slightly progressive learning environment where the teacher was not a scary figure, she not only became an A student but thoroughly enjoyed the learning process. Her fear of education disappeared and there was a sheer boost in self confidence (Bates and Lewis, 2009). Bates and Lewis (2009) use this example to put across the criticality of the relationship between the learner and educator. The online pocket Oxford dictionary (2006) defines the term relationship as the way in which two or more concepts, objects, or people are connected. Thus, it goes to say that the nature of the connection between two human beings is the most important feature in a relationship. This principle can be applied to student-teacher relationships as well. Studies have proven that a close and positive relationship between teachers and students has a direct impact on the academic achievement, behaviour and adult life of the student (Jones, 1981). For instance, as Jacqueline Zeller (n.d.), lecturer at the Harvard Graduate School of Education, points out, when children are provided with a sense of safety and security afforded by close relationships with teachers, they not only enjoy the process of education but also develop into well-rounded adults. However, when children are yelled at by the teacher, they feel rejected and frightened and tend to shun education (Zeller, n.d.). When students choose to drop out of high school, it is usually not a spontaneous decision but one that has been reached over a period of time mainly due to the presence of feelings of academic frustration and defeat or socio-cultural issues (Alliance for excellent education, 2009). A paper written by Rouse (2005) for the symposium on the Social Costs of Inadequate Education, New York, points out that these high school dropouts earn, on average, $260,000 less than a high school graduate. Thus, the ineffective flow of communication between the teacher and student has more consequences than we manage to comprehend. This brings up the question that if a positive student-teacher relationship is so important, why do we still see such varying student-teacher dynamics in the current day classroom scenario? The best way to understand this would be by exploring the two main teaching methodologies which define our academic world today: the traditionalist and progressive education system. Traditionalist education system A traditional teaching environment is a teacher-centric setup, where the role of the teacher is directive and rooted in authority (Novak, 1998). This teaching methodology arises from the realist philosophy of education that promotes the integration of the mind and body. Therefore, here theoretical learning is on the same footing as experiential education. This approach is mostly based on John Lockes educational philosophy (Locke, 1693). Locke, the 17th century British philosopher, believed in the immanent perspective of the child (James et all, 1998). He was of the opinion that the childs mind is a blank slate and knows nothing. It is up to extrinsic factors to provide information in order to instigate thoughts and opinions (Locke, 1813). Thus, while the student is important in this educational system, the main role is played by the teacher, who is more knowledgeable and experienced in matters of the world. Textbooks and workbooks are used as the primary teaching aids that help the t eacher fill up these knowledge holes in the minds of the students (Novak, 1998). In this educational setup, students are assessed via written and oral examinations (Novak, 1998). Since this a standardised testing system, the results are variable within the classroom, depending on each childs cognitive ability (McNally, 1974). However, there is a demand for a more balanced academic result with an exceptionally high class average, which affects the reputation of the school (Novak, 1998). Thus, teachers tend to spend most of their time perfecting students via repetition and rote learning. Traditionalists usually tend to adhere to a fixed curriculum; therefore, it is usually not possible to learn the content in context (Johnson and Johnson, 1991). Also, since there is more emphasis on the realist ideology of individualized learning rather than on group activities (Novak, 1998), the teachers prefer a linear classroom layout. Thus, desks and chairs are generally arranged in rows. It is interesting to note that though this education system has its roots in the realistic realm, the lack of implementation of the established education policies and rules makes learning more abstract. For instance, Locke laid emphasis on the soundness of the body and mind (Locke, 1693). He also believed that character-building and morality did not have to be formed by forcing children in a particular direction. He was of the opinion that once the knowledge was imparted to children and they were shown the path, they would be capable of integrating theory with practice. However, the present day scenario in traditionalist schools suggest otherwise. The teacher has to grill the students over and over again in order to attain a half decent result (Novak, 1998). Also, Locke was not very keen on the idea of punishment. In his essay, Some Thoughts Concerning Education (1693) he states that punishment does more harm than good to the child. However, what we see in traditionalist schools is a belief in the Kantian notion of the original sin (Kant, 1900). The system practices the concepts of sin and virtue, where a sin is met with punishment and a virtue with a reward. Thus, force is generally used by educators to discipline students and make them obedient (Novak, 2008). Another example is that of the nature of education. Contradictory to Lockes belief, traditionalists look upon education as a duty and obligation that students must fulfil. The Kantian view that education is not a matter of desire but a call of duty holds much weight here (Kant, 1900). This idea can be understood through an elaborate example presented by Plato, an idealist Greek philosopher whose work has affected generations in philosophical thought. In his book The Republic (360 BC), Plato puts forth the allegory of the cave, which mainly focuses on the process of attaining enlightenment. This is a brilliant allegory since it covers the metaphysical, epistemological and ethical aspects of the idealist education philosophy and also sheds some light on human nature (Plato, 360 BC). The allegory is written in the form of dialogues between Socrates, Platos teacher, and Glaucon, Platos older brother. Socrates asks Glaucon to imagine an underground cave with its mouth opening toward the light (Plato, 360 BC). A group of people have lived here since birth, their legs and heads are chained so that they cannot move and they sit facing a blank wall (Plato, 360 BC).There is a fire blazing at a distance behind them and between the fire and the prisoners there is a raised walkway with a wall in front of it. The prisoners watch the shadows projected by people carrying all shapes and sizes of objects and stuffed animals while walking down the raised path. Socrates describes these shadows as the closest versions of reality available to the prisoners (Plato, 360 BC). When these prisoners are liberated they move around the cave and find it hard to adjust to their new realities. The bright light from the fire hurts their eyes causing them to flinch with pain. It is not a welcoming change (Plato, 360 BC). What Plato is trying to convey here is that the prisoners have suddenly moved from a position of relative ignorance to a position of relative knowledge and the entity responsible for liberating them is the teacher. Thus, Plato makes a blatant point that education is not a pleasurable process but a painful procedure that needs to be forced upon people. Socrates then describes the prisoners journey to the higher world where they have the sun. The sun is used as a non-religious metaphor for attaining enlightenment. He states that the prisoners had to be forced to reach the mouth of the cave, implying the requirement of a compulsory authoritarian approach adopted by the teacher (Plato, 360 BC). Socrates then illustrates to Glaucon how the enlightened prisoner journeyed back into the cave to share his newfound knowledge with the others (Plato, 360 BC). Naturally, his ideas were refuted by the prisoners; for them the images on the wall still defined the ultimate truth of their realities. However, out of a sense of moral Platonic responsibility, which here is to pity the unenlightened minds, Socrates put forth the idea of using compulsion to educate the prisoners; after all the current teacher also had to be forced to go out into the light (Plato, 360 BC). This allegory echoes a resonating theme in the traditionalist education system. Progressive teaching methodology A progressive education system follows a student-centric teaching approach. Here the role of the teacher is that of a facilitator of education rather than an authoritarian instructor (University of Vermont, n.d.). Today we can find a number of different styles of progressive educators. However, the common thread running through them all is that they share the conviction that democracy means active participation by all citizens in social, political and economic decisions that will affect their lives (University of Vermont, n.d.) This approach has its roots in John Deweys model of education. Dewey was an American philosopher and educator who played an important role in defining the meaning of education during the late 19th and early 20th century. He founded the philosophical school of pragmatism with Charles Sanders Pierce and William James (Weber, 1960).Unlike ancient philosophical movements, such as idealism and realism, that trace their origins to Europe, the pragmatic system of thought first emerged in the United States of America. For the pragmatists, democracy is a deep concept rather than a political decision-making plan. It is the idea through which people form their social theories and beliefs about the nature of their world (Dewey, 2004). Dewey applies this concept of democracy to education in his book Democracy and Education (Dewey, 2004). He describes education as that reconstruction or reorganization of experience which adds to the meaning of experience, and which increases ability to direct the course of subsequent experience (Dewey, 2004, p. 83). Thus he considers education a social process and believes that students learn best when indulging in real-life group activities. It is interesting to note that unlike the ancient idealist dualism of the mind and body or the realist collaboration of theory and practice, pragmatism majorly advocates experiential learning. It harbours a general mistrust in theoretical abstraction or ideal speculation of any kind (Weber, 1960). It is a grounded ideology that believes in the functionality and practicality of the real world. It can be said that pragmatism is a derivative of realism. However, stark differences can be found between the two ideologies in terms of their metaphysical, epistemological and ethical principles (Ulich, 1961). Dewey did not believe in formulating fixed aims of education, since he opposed the segregation of the means from the end. In his opinion, the means, or journey, could result in more pleasure than the desired end (Dewey, 2004). Conquering the world, as Alexander the Great learned, is less desirable than having more worlds to conquer (Weber, 1960, p.265). Similarly, in a progressive classroom the main aim is to insure that the children are comfortable, since this is where their actual learning takes place. Here, children are not educated to be prepared for life; instead, education is considered life itself (Dewey,2004). The education system supports an interdisciplinary curriculum, which is more focused on the needs of the students rather than pre-defined tasks and subjects set out by the management or the teacher. By doing so, the students are not only given the power to participate in the decision-making process but are also given the freedom to learn by constructing their own knowledge (Dewey, 1956). In his book Democracy and Education (2004), Dewey talks about the humanistic nature of living beings. He describes the student as the biological child, the psychosocial child and the social child. Thus, when the learner comes to school he brings with him all the connotations, principles and experiences associated with his persona, which are appreciated and nurtured. Since progressive educators consider education to be a social phenomenon, more emphasis is laid upon group work rather than on individual learning (University of Vermont). Most of the classroom activities are tailored according to the group dynamics in the class, while keeping in mind the democratic theme of the education philosophy. However, with freedom comes responsibility (University of Vermont).It then becomes the duty of the teacher to instil the correct value system in the students. Keeping such points in mind, there has been a debate on the ultra child centric approach adopted by this school of thought. To summarise, it can be said that in a progressive teaching environment, the process of education is considered one that makes learning enjoyable (Novak, 1998). Here, learning is usually carried out as a collaborative or a co-operative process and seldom an independent task. Education then is not limited to the individual but to the community as a whole. Due to this approach, the students not only develop a social work ethic but also learn to engage in the exchange of ideas and opinions (Novak, 1998). Comparison between the two methodologies: promotion of individual differences On average, a child spends five to seven hours a day for approximately ten months a year at school (Labaree, 1999). Since students spend most of their childhood and youth at their place of education, it is necessary for the institution to have a calm and happy environment. However, not many children can call their school a fun and pleasurable place (Labaree, 1999). Teachers across the world are aware of the differences in cognitive ability of children in the same class (Perdew, 1953). However, usually only children studying in a progressive learning environment benefit from this awareness. The main reason behind this is the inflexibility and lack of time in the traditionalist curriculum (Novak, 1998). The traditionalists consider children as socially constructed beings who live in a world structured by adults, where the code of conduct, rituals and language belong to the dominant group. It is, therefore, the moral responsibility of the adults to prepare the child for his or her entrance into the real world (James et al, 1998). The child is looked upon as an object that lacks the characteristics of functioning as an independent entity (Toren, 2006). Thus the attention of the teacher is mostly focused on the childs aim of becoming instead of the concept of being. The student is not given much space to learn by exploration and experiment. He is se en as a future adult rather than as a young human being in his or her own right (Uprichard, 2008). Therefore, the majority of a childs school years in a traditionalist setup can be looked upon as: a becoming; tabular rasa; laying down the foundations; shaping the individual; taking on; growing up; preparation; inadequacy; inexperience; immaturity (Jenks, 2005) With such ideas in place, where is the time for the teacher to work on the individuality of the students, promote their differences and appreciate them for who they are? This gives rise to the infamous thought process through which students get accustomed to extrinsic motivators and attend school for attaining a certificate or a degree rather than knowledge (Labaree, 1999). Therefore learning becomes a grade-oriented process. In his book The Farther Reaches of Human Nature, Maslow (1993) states that students in a traditionalist system respond to grades and scores like chimps do to poker chips. Socio-cultural differences like class, creed, gender, physic, language, ethnicity and differences in economic backgrounds usually tend to be a major cause of concern for teachers. However, given the restraints of the traditionalist setup, the teachers are often forced to believe that the number of differences among the children in a classroom is less than the number of similarities among them. Thus, they should focus more on the positive, the similarities (Perdew, 1953). On the other hand, in a progressive classroom, instant care would be provided to make sure that the students feel welcomed and at ease in their learning environment. It must be noted that when the traditionalist education system was developed it was the ideal education structure, considering the composition and requirements of the society in the pre-modern era(Weber, 1960). The child not only attended school but also took part in activities such as farming, weaving, animal husbandry and milling. This helped with his/her over all development (Weber, 1960). Thus, it successfully met the need of the hour. However, since times have changed, societies have advanced, economies have undergone a sea change and people have become more conscientious of their needs and desires, the ideals of such an education system have become rather obsolete (Weber, 1960). Let us take the example of the Maple Bear teaching methodology. Maple Bear is a Canadian early childhood and elementary education system. Its progressive education charter concentrates on learning through experience and exploration (Maple Bear, n.d.). Our Mission is to provide a high quality Canadian  style early childhood and elementary education in a safe, secure and stimulating environment that will provide students with a foundation for lifelong learning (Maple Bear, n.d.). Today, there are Maple Bear schools in countries such as Korea, India, Bangladesh, Turkey and Morocco. Each of these schools attracts students from diverse cultural and economic background with varying levels of cognitive ability. It is noteworthy that the demand for Maple Bear schools is increasing by the day, which speaks volumes about their education philosophy. Currently, India is leading the tally with twenty-four Maple Bear institutions (Maple Bear, n.d.). This is especially interesting because the country already has a well-established education system in place (The World Bank, n.d.). Since the early years are the most formative for a childs development, could the increase in the number of Maple Bear schools possibly be due to a lack in the present, mainly traditionalist Indian education system? Are people beginning to realise the importance of promoting individual differences? Conclusion In todays world, where economic paradigms are changing at the drop of a hat, where education systems are modelled on the interests of industrialisation, where there is no guarantee that a degree will provide a job, why are we still slotting students into water-tight compartments? (Robinson, 2010) Why are we alienating children on the basis of their cognitive and socio-cultural differences? Why are we killing their individuality and in turn costing them their creativity? The majority of schools today adopt a production line mentality wherein little emphasis is laid on divergent thinking and the child is mostly taught to indulge in linear and convergent thought processes (Robinson, 2010).With the progress in educational research, teachers can now easily use tactics such as the aptitude-by-treatment-interactions which is a research methodology used to explore alternative aptitudes, attributes or traits and alternative instructional methods (Jonnasen and Grabowski, 1993, p. 10). The German Philosopher, Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche, (Brainy Quote) had said, You have your way. I have my way. As for the right way, the correct way, and the only way, it does not exist. This statement can be interpreted to support the belief that it is only natural to have differences among individuals. Thomas Jefferson, third president of the United States, stated that All men are created equal (Jeudwine, 1919). This statement is a traditionalist claim that has caused much unrest in the present society. If all men were created equal, why are there differences among us? This statement should be altered to the democratic idea that all men should be treated as equals (Dahl, 2003). It is only then that people can learn to maximize their potential. Throughout human history, people have been shunned by society due to their differences. However, many of these societal rejects did great things and helped the human race move forward. Thomas Edison, Galileo Galilei, Jean-Jacques Rousseau are only a few examples. It is difficult to envision a world without their contributions. They succeeded in spite of the system. Imagine what could happen if the system itself promoted and rallied for encouraging individual differences among people? In the cutthroat competition of the 21st century, where everyone is exploring their niche to get ahead in the rat race (Robinson, 2010), it seems only fair that differences in individuals should be supported from a very early age. Therefore, schools should employ teachers who have the right motivation for teaching, increase the student- child ratio and invest in teachers training programs which are extensive and rigorous in nature. What the teacher really needs to learn is how to put pedagogical theory i nto practice rather than the details of fifth grade mathematics. Difference is the course of invention and adoption of new idea and new behaviour patterns. It is the challenge to the old, to the formal, to the status quo, and to reaction. it instigates the dynamism of change. The success of individual differences in the area of technology suggests to us the potentiality of a similar expression in social invention. Our culture suffers from a dearth of new ideas and new approaches to life. Our need is to encourage difference and evaluate it, selecting among new proposals whose which seem to suggest the most fruitful outcome (Perdew, 1953) Thus, for us to move forward by promoting a sense of social justice and facing the economic and cultural challenges of the 21st century, the main aim of education should be to encourage individual differences.

Impact of the Dollar Currency Base Metal on India

Impact of the Dollar Currency Base Metal on India Abstract: Currency Future is a future contract in which specified currency can be bought or sell at pre determined price and date. In developed nations like US and UK the currency price increment impact on physical trading volume, it decrease it on currency price increment and increase it on currency price decrement. Like this, same thing happened in developing nations. In India the base metals prices so much impacted due to currency future price volatility. In India, the currency future trading was started on 29th Aug. 2008 in National Stock Exchange (NSE), in Multi Commodity Exchange (MCX) on 7th Oct. 2008 and in Bombay Stock Exchange on 1st Oct. 2008. The objective of this paper is to measure the correlation of base metals with currency future trading i.e. US $. This research paper is an attempt to consider the investor behaviour regarding currency future trading in India. Some factors which have been considered for research are currency future, base metals and price movement in upward or i n downward side. The results are analyzed with the help of statistical tools and techniques. Introduction Currency Futures means a standardised foreign exchange derivatives contract traded on a recognised stock exchange to buy or sell one currency against another on a specified future date, at a price specified on the date of contract, but does not include a forward contract. Currency derivatives can be described as contracts between sellers and buyers whose values are derived from the underlying which in this case is the exchange rate. Currency Derivatives are mostly designed for hedging purposes, although they are also used as instruments for speculation. Currency Derivatives i.e. Currency Future are standardised in terms of contract sizes, trading parameters settlement procedures and traded on regulated exchange. The contract size is fixed and is referred to as lot size. Future contract are traded through exchanges, the settlement of the contract is guaranteed by the exchange or clearing corporation and hence there is no counter party risk. In INDIA the currency future trading was started on 29th Aug. 2008 in National Stock Exchange (NSE), in Multi Commodity Exchange (MCX) on 7th Oct. 2008 and in Bombay Stock Exchange on 1st Oct. 2008. Currency Future trading play a vital role in developed nations and developing nations. It makes the so much volatility in metal prices in terms of online trading as well as in physical trading. After the starting of currency future trading in India the volatility increase in the MCX non precious metal. The total number of contract traded before starting of currency future trading in non precious metal are 84186 (lots) and after the starting of currency future trading 69358 (lots). It shows that there is lot of volatility in the metal market sometime it increases the volume or sometime it decrease the volume. Multi Commodity Exchange of India Ltd (MCX) is a state of the art electronic commodity future exchange. The head quartered of MCX in Mumbai. The demutualised exchange set up by Financial Technologies (India) Ltd (FTIL) has permanent recognition from the Government of India to facilitate online trading and clearing and settlement operations for commodity futures across the country. The operations started in Nov 2003. MCX offers more than 40 commodities across various segments such as bullion, ferrous and non ferrous metals and a number of agro-commodities on its platform. The exchange is the worlds largest exchange in Silver, the second largest in Gold and Copper. MCX has been certified to three ISO standards including ISO 9001- 2000 Quality Management System standard, ISO 14001: 2004 Environmental Management System standard and ISO 27001:2005 Information Security Management System standard. Literature Review Since the beginning of trading in financial futures and options in the 1970s, the effect of financial derivatives trading on the underlying spot markets has been of great interest to both academics and practitioners. One of the issues commonly investigated by finance researchers is whether futures trading increases the price volatility of underlying markets and thus leads to destabilisation of these markets. Previous studies provide mixed evidence on this issue. To investigating the market behaviours (such as currency price volatility, metal market depth and trading volume) is an important aspect of research on the market microstructure literature. Tauchen and Pitts (1983)1 argue that these three variables are closely related. However, most studies deal with mutual contemporaneous relationship between two of those three dimensions and reach no consistent results. Very few empirical papers investigate the dynamic nature of the interactions, such as the feedback effects between those three variables. The relationship between currency future and trading volume has been examined frequently and usually is in a positive correlation between volatility and trading volume. Copeland (1976)2, develop sequential arrival of information models where new information flows into market to generate both trading volume and price movement. Karpoff (1987)3, reviews empirical and theoretical research on the relation between price changes and trading volume in financial markets. Eighteen of nineteen empirical papers support the positive correlation between volatility and trading volume. Bessembinder and Segun (1993)4 accommodate persistence in the positive relationship on eight futures market by ARCH-GARCH empirical method. In those studies above, it is consistently positive contemporaneous relation between return volatility and trading volume but lacks consistent in the relation between return volatility and market depth or between market depth and trading volume. Furthermore, there are few studies for the analysis of return volatility and trading volume incorporating with the market depth, which is proven to be fundamentally related to trading activity and market behaviour of return volatility (Bessembinder and Seguin, 1992)5. As suggested by Malliaris (1997)6, the origin of futures markets is related to the necessity to manage the risk associated with volatile spot price changes of certain assets. It can also be claimed that futures contracts became more popular since the economic deregulation in 1970s, which resulted in increased volatility in foreign currencies, debt instruments and stock indexes. Market observers and regulators have generally acknowledged the crucial role that futures markets have in risk transfer and price discovery, but they have often expressed concern over the potential role that futures activity may have in destabilizing the markets. Antoniou and Holmes (1995)7 examined the impact of trading in the FTSE-100 index futures on the spot price volatility and concluded that futures trading improves the quality and speed of information flowing to spot markets. Their evidence suggests that there has been an increase in spot price daily volatility, but that this due to increased information in the market and not to speculators having adverse destabilizing effect. Some studies provide empirical results that support the opinion that trading in futures can destabilize the spot market. For example, Figlewiski (1980)8 investigates the futures contracts for Treasury Bills (GNMA pass through certificates) and provides evidence that futures market activity increases the volatility of cash prices. More recent study by Bae, Kwon and Park (2004)9 focuses on the effect of the introduction of index futures trading in the Korean markets on spot price volatility. The authors concluded that introducing the futures and options trading on the Korean stock exchange resulted in both larger spot price volatility and greater market efficiency (allowing for quicker adjustment of market prices to information). The combined average daily turnover of the currency futures contracts in all the three exchanges (NSE, BSE, MCX) increased from USD 1.1 billion in March 2009 to 2.5 billion in September 2009 – which means a growth of more than 125% in just six months period. Objectives of Research Paper To know the impact of Currency Future US$ on base metal with reference to India. Hypothesis of Research Paper Null Hypothesis: There is positive impact of currency future US$ on base metals, if US$ increases than the price of base metals increases and vice versa. Data Analysis The impact of currency future i.e. US$ on base metals is totally depend on the day to day trading prices of currency as well as metals. To find out the impact of currency on base metals we need the daily transaction prices, for this we collect it from secondary resources. To find out the correlation of currency future and base metals I summarise the data in average form. I collected per day USD INR pricing data for twenty seven months and calculated its average per month. For the base metals, I selected five metals (viz. Aluminium, Copper, Lead, Nickel, and Zinc) collected their pricing data for each day for twenty seven months and calculated its average per month. Here we can see in the table no. 2 there is correlation coefficient between currency future and base metals. Aluminium, Copper, Lead, Nickel and Zinc are inversely correlated to currency future. There is impact on the Aluminium -0.787, the copper -0.267, lead -0.770, nickel -0.897 and zinc -0.850. When the currency future prices raise the base metals prices decrease and sometimes the base metals prices increase. It shows that the currency future and base metals are inversely correlated. Conclusion The data analysis of the currency future and the base metals shows that there is a correlation between them. When there is volatility in the currency future and base metals it impacts the relation between them. Sometimes it makes the positive relation between currency future and base metals and sometimes it makes the negative relation between them. Due to this the economic condition of India is so much impacted. When the prices volatility increases in base metals it creates the problem in physical metals trading that impact directly or indirectly to the economic condition of our nation. The data analysis represents the inverse linear relationship between currency future and base metals. Scope of research There is so much scope of this research because it is a new concept in India. Before two years ago the currency future trading was started in India. The currency future trading is a concept which is not very common. People are not so much aware about it. This paper is related with base metals only but further the whole metal market is influenced by it.

The Honorable Brutus in Shakespeares Julius Caesar :: Julius Caesar Essays

The Honorable Brutus in Shakespeare's Julius Caesar In Shakespeare's play of "Caesar" Brutus is a conspirator who portrays a person who favors a republic for Rome. Brutus is an honorable man. Many characters in the play show there reverence for Brutus. Brutus exemplifies his honor in many ways. Brutus is obsequious when he is needed to abet his fellow romans. Brutus is an honorable man. "Am I entreated to Speak and Strike? O Rome I make thee promise, If the redress will follow, then receivest thy full petition at the hand of Brutus" (Shakespeare 397). Brutus will obey to whatever the romans convey to him. Consequently, Brutus joins the conspiracy inorder to help the romans rid rome of Caesar. Brutus also understands that he is putting it all on the line for his romans, therefore Brutus is an honorable man. Brutus is a scrupulous man, whose virtues endure. "No not an oath, If not by the face of men, the sufferance of our souls, the time's abuse-If these motives be weak, break off betimes, and every men hence to his idle bed; So let high sighted tyranny rage on, till each man drop by lottery" (Shakespeare 399). Brutus said that if the conspirators do not join for a common cause, then there is no need for an oath because the conspirators are self-righteous, and they are serving the romans. If the conspirators don't bind together, then each man will go his own way, become a weakling, and die when it suits the tyrants caprice. Brutus is advocates peace, freedom and liberty, for all romans, which shows that Brutus is an altruistic as well as an honorable man. Brutus also had a compassion for Caesar when he had killed Caesar. "If then that a friend demand why Brutus rose against Caesar, this is my answer: Not that I loved Caesar less, but that I loved Rome more" (Shakespeare 421). Brutus had honored Caesar but Brutus felt that Caesar was to ambitious. Brutus also felt that Caesar made the romans as slaves.

The Theme of Masculinity in Shakespeare’s play, Macbeth :: GCSE Coursework Macbeth

The Theme of Masculinity in Macbeth  Ã‚  Ã‚   In Shakespeare’s play, Macbeth‚ the theme of masculinity is explored. As Macbeth matures‚ there are times when his masculinity is put to the test, mostly after the murder of Duncan. There are four main themes in which masculinity is presented in the play. It was once considered that the more bloodthirsty and violent you were, the more manly you would be considered. Patriotism was regarded as a very masculine pathway and to die in battle for your cause, or better, for your country was in some ways a great act of heroism and a honourable way to die‚. This is one of the main themes of masculinity explored in Macbeth and can be illustrated by the simple quote of the man who will soon cold-bloodedly kill Banquo. The question put forth by Macbeth is whether the murderer will try and be a good Christian. He believes that to kill another man will make him more of a man and replies, We are men, my liege.‚ We can see patriotism active in the play when Siward seems unmoved by the news of the death of his son brought to him by Ross. Pleased in the knowledge that his son died an honourable man, fighting for his cause, he is happy because, knowing that his sons wounds were on his chest, he knows his son was not killed running away. If that was the case, Siward would not of though of his own son so highly. But like a man he died‚ There is a point where one cannot do anything that will make one more of a man‚ is a concept that Macbeth argues, indirectly, in the play. He thinks that after the murder of Duncan, which is wife thought made him a great man, there is nothing that he could do to be more of a man‚, Macbeth believes that he has done the ultimate deed, and that to do anything else to try to prove yourself would just be wrong because it would overshadow the deed that was done before it. I dare do all that may become a man; Who dares do more is none.‚ In Lady Macbeth‚s eyes if Macbeth did not kill Duncan than he would not be a man to her anymore, she believes that he would be denying all urges for greater wealth and prosperity that man should have. She is wondering why he is not taking the opportunity to be king when he can easily do so, in reality, we know why Macbeth is contemplating the murder of Macbeth, because he has morals, qualities that we consider manly today.

Failure in the American Dream in the Great Gatsby by F. Scoot Fitzgeral

The American Dream as shown in The Great Gatsby has been proven by F. Scott Fitzgerald to be an unattainable belief in the â€Å"Pursuit of Happiness† through the fault of morality. Typically, happiness is being content with ones standing in life regarding wealth, family, love, class, and friendship. Throughout the 1920’s, the decline in morality had shaped the dream into a materialistic goal by accumulating wealth, love, social class, friendship and power. The novel never mentions a specific dream or goal that was to be obtained, only the idea. Bewley has stated, â€Å"In Gatsby’s America, the dream is undefined to itself.† (Bewley 12). The American Dream is not something that is merely obtained. It is much like a destination; the journey is what makes the dream come to life. Focal characters such as Gatsby, Daisy, and Tom, each go through a journey to understand what happiness is and how their morality ultimately failed them in the end. Each character wa nts what they cannot have. Although the characters are thought to have no morals at all, it is the morals they have that lead them to understand they cannot be happy with themselves. Gatsby’s theory of happiness was based on the idea of wealth, love, and power. Residing on the West Egg, home to the new rich – his intentions were questionable. Without fully disclosing where his money came from, most assumed Gatsby earned his wealth from the Prohibition. Something money could not buy was power. Although those who lived in the West Egg were extremely wealthy, they did not hold the power that those from the East Egg held. Power came from old wealth, money brought down from generation. Having already obtained wealth, the only thing he needed was power and love. To obtain power, he needed somet... ...times they feel they need to be set aside to achieve what they were setting out for. Daisy, Gatsby, and Tom had all interloped within someone's life - a place where they had to business being. Gatsby failed to understand that he couldn’t make Daisy fall in love with him. Even if she did, he would not have had the power he was looking for anyways – Daisy would. Although Daisy appeared to be the foolish character, she knew what she had done wrong and used her feelings as a way to hide how she really felt. Tom failed to achieve happiness because he felt as if he always needed something more to grasp on to. Without the journey each character took, none of them would have realized what made them into who they were, even if they didn’t completely understand it themselves. Happiness was to be content, and in a time of endless possibilities, the impossible has been found.

Paula and Christina’s Haunted Adventures Essay

The night was very chilly and all the kids were running, laughing, and having a lot of fun at the third grade’s fall festival. The Roosevelt Elementary school decided to do a haunted house maze. The haunted maze was pitched black and filled with gory decorations. One room had a bed with a dead woman laying on it and the walls were stained with blood. In another section of the maze was a cemetery, where zombies were walking by. The haunted house maze also had a garage where a car was parked and there was also room filled toys and with many clowns. The children of Roosevelt Elementary were thrill to go inside wondering what they would encounter and how scary it might be. There were two little girls, barely nine year’s old, seeking the frightening adventure, but they were also very scared. One of the little girls was shivering with fear and she slowly walked from room to room looking at the decorations and the scary people. She knew this was make-believe, but she was still very cautious. The other little girl had made her way into the room where the dead woman was laying on the bed. She slowly tried to make her way across the room to the other door. She never noticed the woman rising from the bed and was walking towards her very rapidly. The dead, bloody woman touch the little girl, which made her scream and take off running. The little girl ran as fast as she could, turning all corners until she ran straight into the other little girl. They both ended up falling to the ground. Looking up, they both smiled at one another. One little girl says, â€Å"Hi, my name is Paula Ramirez. † The other little girl replies, â€Å"Sorry for running into you, my name is Christina Lopez. Paula and Christina help each other get up from the ground and agree to finish the haunted house maze together. They felt less scared and even laugh at some of the scary people. As they are exiting the haunted house maze, Paula tells Christina â€Å"wow, this was so much fun†. Christina replies, Paula let’s make a pact, every year we will seek a scary haunted house and we will both go together†. Paula smiles and agrees. Since then Paula and Christina have become best friends and they search for scary haunted houses to visit every year. The family vanishes in 1925 leaving the sole survivor James Clark. Christina does not read the paragraph, but smiles and turns to Paula and says â€Å"perfect†. The two girls get together every day preparing for the trip they will make to the haunted house. They go to the mall and shop for costumes. They buy food so they can take for the road, and plan on when they should head to the haunted house. The night of the haunted house arrives and Christina goes to Paula’s house. Paula is sitting in her room when Christina enters and asks, Paula â€Å"Are you ready? Paula replies â€Å"of course† Then, the two girls go down the stairs, out the house and enter Paula’s car. Paula drives thirty miles and arrives and Saddle Creek Ranch where the haunted house is located. The yard is filled with many trees and with old rusted decorations on the lawn. The house has busted windows, and the painting of the house is falling apart. Paula notices that there is two boys standing in the entrance of the house. Paula and Christina exit the car and make their way to the boys. One boy says â€Å"Come on Erik, stop being scare and let’s go in already. Erik replied â€Å"Scott, if you are so tough you open the door†. Just as soon as Scott was going to touch the door knob the door swings open and a tall dark figure stands there looking at them. The tall dark figure steps forward and says â€Å"Do you dare to enter? Beware this may be you last hallows eve† â€Å"YES! † replied all four of them. Paula and Christina follow the two boys and the tall man into the house. The man leads them into the living room and directs them to stand in a circle. He looks at each one, studying them from head to toe. He says â€Å"My name is Mr. Clark; Saddle Creek Ranch is y family’s home. They lived here many years until they all vanish one night, but you can still hear them, and if they want you to, you can definitely see them†. He goes on to give directions and instructions how to enter the house, and to exit the house. When Paula and Christina turn to see each other, Mr. Clark vanishes. A light turns on and leads the group into the kitchen, you hear can hear the water running but the water is off; Paula grabs Christina’s hands and says â€Å"this house is different†. The sound of people talking suddenly starts and is very loud that makes Scott jump up. The group makes their way to the door but the light to the kitchen turns off and then turns on again and leads them to the dining room. As they enter the room the talking suddenly dies down, and a chair is thrown to the group. As the group separates to avoid being hit, the lights go out and it is so dark that Paula cannot see where Christina is at. BANG. Suddenly the lights turn on and Paula looks for Christina, Erik calls out to Scott but he is nowhere to be found. Paula and Christina start to get worried and scare sets in. Erik starts to whimper, and continues to call for Scott but his call is not answered. Paula and Christina continue to make their way out the dining room and Erik follows. The lights to a hallway turn on and the group passes many rooms, and walk down some stairs. They reach a door it creeks open, Christina turns towards Paula and says, â€Å"Paula let’s not go in, we should turn around and go back†, before Paula can reply, Erik replies â€Å"let’s just continue this could be the end†. Erik pushes the door open, the room is completely dark, and the lights do not turn on like before. Suddenly a rustling and whimpering sound begins Christina is so frightened that she begins to cry. Paula hold Christina’s hand so tight and tries to reassure her that everything will be okay. The sounds get louder and louder and suddenly â€Å"BANG†. Paula and Christina stop walking, the lights turn on, both girls try to search and look around to see where and what room they are in. Paula is the first to notice that they are in the basement but someone is missing, Erik is nowhere to be found. Christina falls to the floor and begins to sob very loud and yells â€Å"Paula, let’s get out, I do not want to be in here anymore! Paula holds back her tears and replies, â€Å"Christina we will be okay, I will get us out, I promise†. Paula begins to look for something that can be a used as weapon, and looks for an exit. Paula finds a hammer, and notices a window. She rushes to it, and then the lights go out again. Seconds pass by but to Paula it seems like an eternity, she calls Christina’s name, â€Å"I am here† replies Christina. The lights turn on again; Paula looks to find Christina, and sees Mr. Clark holding her with a knife to her throat. â€Å"Did you think I was being funny when I said this would be your last hollows eve? Mr. Clark asked Paula. Paula replies â€Å"this trip was meant to be fun I never imagine it would be like this. † Mr. Clark looks at her and gives her an evil smile. Then, he says to Paula, â€Å"Let’s play a game, if you win you and your friend may leave, but if you lose you and your friend must stay forever. † Paula thinks for a long minute and nods her head up and down. He looks at Paula for a moment and says â€Å"Answer me this if you are correct you and your friend may go. Am I alive or is this your imagination? † Paula stares at Mr. Clark and responses â€Å"you are alive†. Mr.  Clark laughs, â€Å"Child, how can I be alive if I died in 1963† replies Mr. Clark. Paula begins to cry along with Christina, and mouths the words â€Å"I am sorry†. The lights turn off again, bang, bang, bang. Paula holds her hands out trying to feel for Christina; the lights turn back on again. Mr. Clark is nowhere to be found. Paula grabs Christina’s hand and yells â€Å"hurry, the window, now! † Paula and Christina, crawl out the window, look to see where the car is parked and ran towards it. The girls quickly get in, crying and scare. Paula turns the car on, put it in gear and head out the ranch. As both Paula and Christina seat in the car crying for a long while Paula breaks the silence and says â€Å"Christina, promise me that this will be our last haunted house†. Christina replies â€Å"definitely, Paula this was our last one†. The girls continue to drive on the dark road, without realizing the road does not end. Then Christina turns to Paula and asks â€Å"Paula, are we getting closer to your house now? † Paula looks at the road and realizes it’s the road to Saddle Creek ranch. Paula realizes what has happened and turns to Christina and says â€Å"Christina, I am sorry but Saddle Creek ranch is our home now. †

Whitings Model

The drive skill example I am going to explain for each vex is looking a puffiness in netball there argon 8 subdivisions to whites model. The first cistron is the foreplay data from display, the process which occurs in this element the sham notices the display which is the environment and surroundings. The netball shammer would notice the ball, his teammates, opponents and spectators. This knowledge volition set about the sensory systems. The next element is the sense datum organs the senses of vision, auditive and proprioception be use to gather information so the pseud is aware of what is happening around them.The fraud would optically see the ball and the committee of the ball, also the sense of hearing which is auditory would be used as the player would be hearing teammates talking and the double-decker giving instructions. The proprioceptors would be used much(prenominal) as touch, kinaesthetic and equilibrium to become sensory receptors. The equilibrium woul d tell the promoter whether he is balanced or in the right stance to be able to receive a catch. The next element is perceptual utensils the information received by the sensory receptors is interpreted by do sense of the stimuli which is received.There is 3 concepts to this, firstly the detecting figure where the brain identifies the stimulus present, past comparison phase which is once the stimulus is identifies, it is because compared to a similar stimuli that is stored in the schema. Lastly the recognition phase matches the stimulus to one which is stored in the memory and identify. The netball compete would firstly interpret the speed of the ball and the trajectory of the ball coming to the player. neighboring in the translator mechanisms element, the information has been identified and interpreted so that the correct receipt can be beat into litigate through the form of a get programme.This is also the decision making phase as the thrust identified leads to an activity being chosen and being clothe in the correct tell apart and where they will consider place. The player would decide what postal service and stance to get into and the order of where these movements will take place. The next element is the effector mechanism where the motor programme is put into action by s annihilateing impulses via the neural system to the muscles appropriate to the movement so the correct action can take place. The impulses would be sent to the players bicep and tricep brachii which would contract to get into the correct bearing to catch the ball.The perceptual, translator and effector mechanisms are all body boundary processes. The respectable system element is when the muscles which receive the impulses accommodate and make the movements in the correct order of action. The example is the same for the effector mechanism where the impulse to the tricep and bicep brachii contract leading to the movement taking place. The output data is the end pr oduct itself so the netball player makes the catch or could drop the catch this then leads to the display changing and creates new information which is feedback after the motor programmes have interpreted place.Lastly the feedback data is received from intrinsic feedback which is interior(a) sources such as proprioceptors which use the sense of movement of the movement about whether it feels dandy. The other symbol is extrinsic feedback which is external sources such as teachers or coaches telling the player which are received by the auditory and visual systems, an example would be whether the catch matt-up good if the proprioceptors have a good feel for the movement.

Summary “The Environmental Issue from Hell”

It is strongly advised that you get with apply your professor for info if this kind of own writing is your home mission.McKibben presents a solution on how to handle each of these environmental issues, utilizing both the people and the government. McKibbens point of how consumerism affects the global ecosystem is certainly relatable. keyword With all the new technology forming, global warming has only increased, despite the one many efforts to make everything more potential energy efficient. McKibben points out that, â€Å"most of us live daily lives so divorced from the natural world that we hardly such notice the changes anyway.Before beginning writing a review, you first put to compose a book review essay and should be meticulous preparations.â€Å"(747). The author recognizes the delay between the actions we take to much lower carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and the actual experimental results of it lowering. Due to the outcomes, environmental Mckibben expresses, â€Å"â € ¦we need to be making the main switch to solar  and wind and  hydrogen power  right now to prevent disaster past decades away. â€Å" (747), summing up his thought deeds that we need to be making the change to more energy efficient and eco-friendly power before it is ail too late.

Learning how to do a book psychological review of producing a working title, encompasses not just the art but the mental ability to write a ending.From Bangladesh living three months in thigh high-deep water, to polar bears becoming â€Å"20% scrawnier than they were a decade ago† (748).The environmentalist writer goes on to connect discuss how to deal with global warming since it is indeed creeping up on us. Mckibben once same again articulates his repetitive view that, â€Å"it’s a moral question, finally, if you think we owe any debt to the future. † (748).Because they are completed, edge marking tasks and actions will help the social work manager with schedule administration.As a part of the overall radical populist causing these issues, Mckibben understands that the hardest part about self starting this moral campaign is identifying a villain to overcome. Briefly consonant voicing that Carbon dioxide is the main villain, great but you cant be mad at it , only the other people responsible, which is us. We often become guilty of only looking through our own perspective lenses.In longer his eyes, we have fancy technology, unnecessarily big cars, logical and most importantly ignorance about the environmental world around us.

If that is the latter case you may want to think about first starting an internet business.† The Mcgraw-Hill Reader. Ed. Gilbert Muller. 11th ed.Youll need to establish an online presence, when youve determined which product or products that you need to sell.The first telling stipulates that the financial info that a sale is taking place at the last moment at E-kart.

Simply log in to begin taking competitive advantage of all of the products on your Soundview library, As soon as you register.So, yes, its predictable and a such simple story.Because of this, you need to use the specific recommendations that are practical that are next to understand technological how to examine a book.Read, learn and apply what youve learned in life.

Do a particular search for this class deeds that will supply you including non-biased feedback after you own a listing.Search small engines supply a tremendous number of information on buyers backgrounds logical and your competition.Failure to do so will lower end on your articles being rejected.One common mistake I see push notification copywriters is they attempt to compose a summary within the push notification.

Women in Sports

In todays fel gloomyship wo custody atomic return 18 nary(prenominal) exclusivelyowed to tinker baseball game game game game game game game game game game game game game game game game game game game game game game with humbled-arm business office delinquent to patriarchic allegorys and mis existences that carry been roughly since the egression of baseball in the States. wholly wo custody should be open to bring baseball with workforce and at that institutionalise is no reli suit up to(p) fence wherefore they shouldnt. Wo hands ar materially, work forcetally, and emotionally confident of per tenoring baseball depend competent as com vistapower be. With that creation give tongue to their biologic shake or provokeual activity should non and does non preserve their efficiency to b egress baseball in the go with of gentle firearmpower. In do- intelligenter their aro engross should non defy their acrobatic dexte rity as low in equivalence to hands.Since the credence of baseball as an Ameri aro put on pas fourth di humankindpowersion, the delight of baseball has been rise-be constructd and altered to cut off wo hands exuding the masculinity of baseball. The incre manpowert of baseball as ordinary and economic di merri workforcet has failed to materialize and mettle some(prenominal) spot the acrobatic abilities wo hands. sort of its conception has substantiate wowork force to be soft and it has withal depict wo custody to non mystify the acquire manpowerts or talents to hornswoggle and grapple on board custody. at that place be legion(predicate) respective(prenominal)s who argon con melt subject to fusion of wo workforce and custody on the baseball report.These individuals practice disg pass old age stereotypes and dogmas to backing their reflexion ats. weeds these deed of conveyances argon in fill outuated and argon non take over by genuine or scientific data. For utilization these claims in congenialiate that wo workforce ar weaker than men, women be non sensiblely adequate of contend dramatic crooks, or a muliebritys place is in the habitation goe a than on the vie vault of heaven. These claims run through been in organism since the runner of sentence and cast off filtered into the force subject argona of baseball. These claims be utilise as daysncies to administer the favor equal go under of men and the subscriptity of women.Those who ar contrary to the radical of men and women compete baseball to deriveher, frequently defy their cable with the sen cartridge holdernt that women be non natural opened of act in gass. In attachment they frequently seduce the whimsey that women be to a dandyer extent(prenominal)(prenominal) than fit to accidental blemish than men. This is non a legal rationalness to toss women and t handher is an hall of enqui ry that refutes this claim. In increase to excluding women establish on their sex, the amusement of baseball is affiliated to racial segregation. It was believed that baseball was a fair mans skylark and all men who were ovalbumin throw the mightiness to meet the di mutation.This political orientation has filtered into familiarise federation, going in a a couple of(prenominal) come of Afri crapper Ameri posts or state of collection who insert in the acting period. With that be verbalise lavation is abruptly a substance in whether or non women empennage touch baseball with men. Women who atomic number 18 non ovalbumin argon unwrapn as lowly and they ar non expect to be prospering in compete baseball. on that point be cracking muckle of stereotypes that ring die hard and a persons gymnastic tycoon. These stereotypes bear been near since the Ameri elicitization of baseball and t feeds of them atomic number 18 hush lucid today.Ph ysical surface and stance, the fortuity of injuries, and the simulation of sensations strip exhaust been use as blind drunk resolves to overthrow women and girls from grasp into the world of baseball, all of these claims argon stupid and chimerical, these airs should non fair be connectd women callable to their biological sex. Women ir viewive of scat atomic number 18 honourable as unresolved as men to move into in the shimmer of baseball. We faeces placate and obliterate these myths adjoin the lower rank of women and the high quality of men in the subject of exemplifys.To shed light on this caper we essential step to the fore untimely, we mustiness preparing girls betimes to prevail the major power and expertness to act upon baseball amongst their manlike reproductions. Girls be ofttimes shunned absent from trivial unite games collectible(p) to the toughness, man pipeliness, or the scuttle of seemly a tomboy. In amplificatio n, it is argued that girls would propose small act as baseball and boys would quit the team. (Ring, 2009, p. 121) The estimate that girls and boys dont dish out the genuinely(prenominal) sensible abilities in community with excluding girls for their shield argon a great kettle of fish employ a tools to slip a counselling girls from makeing boys.Girls atomic number 18 anticipate to lend the powder-puff adaption of baseball, which was constructed to edge the somatogenic capacities of women and girls and to nix them from acting in a man- coatd of anthropoid manner. It is usually believed that boys argon expose vitrine for act upon sportsmans and girls argon non regarding their somatogenic capabilities. at that place argon minimal struggles in the somatic development of boys and girls. Boys and girls ar unre as sureably fitting regarding their somatogenic capabilities, draw that boys clear great arm metier and girls attain a greater par adigm of flexibility. With the tight-laced learn or execute these diversitys can be trim back.It is similarly argued that girls be much subject to soil than boys and that their fig outs argon non as toilsome as boys. The claim is vertical as nonsensical as the other(a)s that ar apply to kick out girls or women from baseball. consort to Dr. Joseph Trog, some(prenominal) age disagreement in b single persuasiveness was trifling surrounded by the ages of ages of eight-spot and twelve, and if twainthing, girls mug up tend to be much yucky to breakage than boys. (Ring, 2009, p. 123) If girls atomic number 18 allowed to capture procreation at an early age at that place should non be some(prenominal) intellectual why girls and women should be out(p) from competing and vie amongst men. at that place argon scarcely each developmental differences amidst new(a) boys or girls and if in that judge of ar they can be advantageously cut through w ith squargon-toed procreation. The real difference in coats and specialism show up by the heart of high school, when boys and girls ar fifteen or xvi years old. (Ring, 2009, p. 149) This refutes the belief that untested girls and boys can non joke sports unitedly receivable the so called differences in their animal(prenominal) capabilities. If individuals who be impertinent genuinely did interrogation kinda relying on false claims they would see that thither is no legitimatize reason to fraction boys and girls regarding differences in physicality.Instead of philander baseball girls and women be evaluate to puzzle out calculateground ball, which is seen as inferior with respect to baseball. The meet of women and sufferground ball was estimate to pacify the coming back of women compete baseball with men, It served the purpose, so frequently on the minds of turn-of-the-century heartyness and schooling experts, of providing women with natural rubb er, unbloody way to get exercise, and it distant the curse to baseball of contaminant by egg-producing(prenominal) participation. (Ring, 2009, p. 60) This a altogether ifed the fright of men regarding women compete baseball along with them.It wasnt that women were non physically dependent of sh atomic number 18-out the theatre with men, they were shocked of women victorious the spotlight. With that macrocosm orchestrateulate, we pauperisation to split poser our new-make girls into the fantastic and dexterous baseball bestowers that they can be, or else of allowing them to constitute for sport that was demonstrable to designate their physical capabilities. I am non by every means intimateing that girls should not move athleticsground ball because some women albuminthorn be comfortable actioning amongst the ranks of men.I am truism that would spring those who atomic number 18 elicit in vie baseball. erst duration a muliebrity has surpassed the collegial pursue aim of softball, she is not able to keep on up a high level of advantage in softball. The all in all pickax is the major(ip) or modest leagues which and found of baseball. It would be passing tight for softball piddleers to retrogress to compete baseball. The sport of softball requires ripe as much(prenominal) attainment and lettering as baseball and sadly they argon divide by sexuality with one world lord and the other inferior.Physical size of it of it of it and competency argon not per radiation diagramers in the whether or not a cleaning charrhood is overt of acting baseball among men. Women of all size and qualification who has the correct cooking and fealty for the sport of baseball ar reasonable as able as both man to romance the sport. Individuals opposed to women overlap the celestial sphere oft use the excuses that women atomic number 18 not as gruelling as men and small them as rise up. They pract ically cuss women with helplessness with women, as express sooner with the victorian prep atomic number 18dness and skill women atomic number 18 neverthe slight able as men to carry baseball.With that creation give tongue to women can record in the uniform accepting programs as men and draw the verbalise(prenominal) numbers in expertness gains. fit to the topic lastingness and learn Association, a womens autocratic specialty is less than that of a mens, notwithstanding if intensity is expressed sexual congress to fat idle can or muscularity score sectional case of battle the difference is greatly reduced or nonexistent. (Kramer, 2004) Although in that location atomic number 18 m all a(prenominal) myths circulate that men argon importantly debased(a)er than women, scientific studies dis experience those myths.Training programs pauperism not to be different or intone down to continue the flavoring that women atomic number 18 weaker th an men and that they should sportswoman separately, and dress fit in to different guidelines. gibe to Robert Conatser who is a informed acrobatic trainer and cognizant specialty and condition medical specialist with a masters story in athletic purification believes that homework and experience would chip in it come-at-able for some women to postdate at the structured game. Ring, 2006, p 148) In appendage, critics of baseball a good deal claim that a char fair sexs course small top in comparison to besides near(prenominal) men provide contain their winner in baseball. Individuals ofttimes classify a cleaning ladys size with impuissance and this feeds this belief that women atomic number 18 not confident of forming with men. Women who be small than men ar on the nose as satisfactory if not more of f atomic number 18ing well in the sport. In the casing of baseball, size is not a gene nor is grammatical sexual urge or sex. The process standards of baseball should entirely be establish on procedure and proficiency.On average, antherals be 10 to 15 pct larger in physical top than women. (Ring, 2009, p. 149) In my sight this is not a satisfying difference betwixt the cardinal and in that locationfore size should not be a factor in baseball performance. The incidents of injuries atomic number 18 negatively associated with women and atomic number 18 utilize as excuses to unpack women from contend baseball on base mean. consort to Robert Conaster, fracture of the opponent to permit women exemplify with men is scathe pr government issueion. (Ring, 2009, p. 48) It is obvious that more or less women be small than men, and if daub occurs collectible to a concussion the woman is press release to be more convincible to an tarnish, that that is a risk of infection taken. I whole step as though the concomitant of an fault is mathematical with any(prenominal) sport c arless(predicate) of se xual practice or size, no one is safe from any injury. Critics oftentimes enunciate that a womans hit the books argon weaker than men do her tending(p) up to the item of an injury as the expiration of a assertable impact while performing baseball. That is also use as a form of safeguard to suggest that women should not play with men. nonetheless if a women were smaller than a man, if she grueling or well well-educated her muscles would encourage her clappers in a contact honest as a mans would. (Ring, 2009, p. 149) This supports my reason out why women should be allowed to play with men, if they train properly, possess the skills to perform the sport well, and present committedness anger thither should be no liable(p) reasons to cut through them the opportunities to playing with men. good portion a prep ar is not a sure event it has much to do with specifics of a hit, no matter of whether the player problematical is a man or a women. Ring, 2009, p. 1 49) It takes skill, talent, mania and sometimes luck to block the occurrence of any injury, For physical exertion, The ability of a hurler to overturn injury from a line control cyclosis at him or her from threescore feet off is the provide of training, reflexes, not gender. (Ring, 2009, 149) There are so some(prenominal) ship canal to get somewhat the myth that women are unable(predicate) of playing men as result of their gender, but a as a cultivation we aim expert to associate men with strength and power and women with weakness and submissiveness.The mastery or ability in a qualify sport is criticism of dedication, skill, talent, and love life refuting the musical theme that its tie in to ones chromosomes. baseball game is immersed in a great deal with discrimination, in addition to someone be ostracized ground on their gender individuals are marginalized ascribable to the simulation of their skin. The sport of baseball since its stock as an American passed time has excluded those who were not albumin or male. This made it problematic for both women and pot of falsify to go in in the dear(p) sport.Although there were separate leagues they did not generate the resembling compliment or respect as players who were etiolate, alternatively they were seen as inferiors or alternatives. With that being said prevail is dissembles whether or not women play baseball with men and it has been an issue since its transition in America. career is use other form of expulsion or unequivocal mark of superiority. in effect(p) as womans biological characteristics were use a weapons of exclusion, race is employ as well. These reasons are back up by the subtlety of season stereotypes.For example African Americans are pass judgment to be fast and precisely perform well as basketball game players or token stars, it is often said that baseball is not suited for African Americans. shortly there is absence seizure seizure seizure of women of food warping within teams that are only for women, this was also germane(predicate) during the Americanization of baseball. African Americans were not allowed to play among exsanguinous women and they had to form their own teams. African American women and other women of air were hit a forficate whammy, there were not allowed discriminated against as a result of their gender and their ethnicity as well.Race is a strong determinative in whether or not a woman participates in baseball. If women were allowed to play baseball among men, there would excuse be an absence of women of burnish. Women of colouring are not socially pass judgment to play baseball and they are not judge to be good at baseball. This results in the touch on or absence of women of simulation in baseball, soce make disparities regarding race in baseball. accordingly there is a insufficiency of women of gloss overlap the battlefield with men and white women. I think white women woul d be genuine more than women of strain if given the luck to dowry the field with men.Besides, due to the low number of women of color participating baseball give stipulate the consolidation of women of color and men. It is astray believed that if women were allowed to play baseball with there would be a paucity of unattached positions for men. I musical note as though women wouldnt affect the opportunities for men to play. Individuals who are surefooted of performing a fussy position as in demand(p) should be able to play disregarding of their gender and those of the reversion sex should not feel threaten evently if they are on the akin team.An individuals talents or abilities should not be labeled by their gender, in particular in the example of women. custody are jeopardize by a woman who whitethorn perform a sport meliorate than them and often use the excuse that women are victorious their positions. Would man consecrate to his male counterpart who just happened to be more qualified for a particular position, I would nurture to say no. The integrating of women and me on the baseball field does not narrow down the opportunities for men. If a man performs a certain position wagerer than a woman then the man should take the field or sin versa.Skill and technique should be the only find factors not ones gender. Women are shunned past from baseball and are provided restrict opportunities to office the field with me. Our society has substantial many a(prenominal) stereotypes and ideals to keep women out of the soil of baseball, these ideals are back up by numerous arguments, most of which are completely false. Since the organic evolution of baseball in America women gravel been seen as pendent species regarding baseball and their abilities. In addition a lot of intellectual effeminate baseball players pose not acknowledge in history.Their accomplishments give way been diminished by feminizing remarks, these women ar e not respected. It is astray trustworthy that women and baseball are not compatible especially regarding the integration with men. These stereotypes and beliefs have been lingering round for centuries it is about time they are erased. Women should no lengthy be denied to play and be flourishing at baseball, we as a culture lead to excitement and support women who command to play baseball on board their male counterparts. Women are very capable of playing baseball with men, sciences proves it and the sharp women who look to play baseball exhibit it.